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enshittification

The lifecycle of online platforms: first they're good to users, then they squeeze users to please advertisers, then they squeeze advertisers to please shareholders, and finally they're useless.

ɪnˌʃɪt.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃənCoined ~20232020sGen AlphamainstreamFading8.3K viewsLast reviewed Jun 29, 2026+ Add a definition
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Born ~2023 · 1 year of recorded use
2023Born2024: 1 citationToday, 2026

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#1·Apr 24, 2026GlobalNeutral

The lifecycle of online platforms: first they're good to users, then they squeeze users to please advertisers, then they squeeze advertisers to please shareholders, and finally they're useless. Coined by Cory Doctorow, January 2023 WIRED.

See it in action
  • “That may make the platform or product feel shittier to some users, but the “enshittification” comes from disappointed expectations, or opinions about how something _should_ work.”

  • “In a 2024 op-ed in the _[Financial Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_Times "Financial Times")_, Doctorow argued that _enshittification_ was "coming for absolutely everything".[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enshittification#cite_note-Doctorow-2024-9) Doctorow argues that new platforms offer useful products and services at a loss, as a way to gain new users.”

"Opened Amazon looking for one item. Got 40 sponsored results. Full enshittification."
Origin: Coined by writer Cory Doctorow in a January 2023 essay for WIRED. The word spread fast because it named something everyone had been feeling about online platforms for a decade but hadn't been able to articulate.
For parents

enshittification means The lifecycle of online platforms: first they're good to users, then they squeeze users to please advertisers, then they squeeze advertisers to please shareholders, and finally …. It's mostly used in casual online conversation. It's casual and generally safe with friends and online. It's standard online vocabulary; nothing inherently concerning about hearing it.

For ESL learners

"enshittification" is slang. It means: The lifecycle of online platforms: first they're good to users, then they squeeze users to please advertisers, then they squeeze advertisers to please shareholders, and finally …. Register: casual. Use it in: casual conversation and online posts. Avoid in: formal writing and professional emails.

Cluster: technology
Heard in the wild
  • “Illustration: Rob Dobi/Getty Images [View image in fullscreen](https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/nov/26/enshittification-macquarie-dictionary-word-of-the-year-explained#img-1) The Macquarie Dictionary said ‘enshittification’ captured what many felt was happening to their lives.”

  • “That may make the platform or product feel shittier to some users, but the “enshittification” comes from disappointed expectations, or opinions about how something _should_ work.”

  • “In a 2024 op-ed in the _[Financial Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_Times "Financial Times")_, Doctorow argued that _enshittification_ was "coming for absolutely everything".[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enshittification#cite_note-Doctorow-2024-9) Doctorow argues that new platforms offer useful products and services at a loss, as a way to gain new users.”

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@slangora·Sep 1, 2026

Coined by Cory Doctorow (WIRED, January 2023) to describe a specific sequence — good to users, then squeeze users to please advertisers, then squeeze advertisers to please shareholders. Using it accurately means pointing to that decline pattern, not just saying a platform got worse. — Slangora Editors

For specific readers

enshittification means The lifecycle of online platforms: first they're good to users, then they squeeze users to please advertisers, then they squeeze advertisers to please shareholders, and finally …. It's mostly used in casual online conversation. It's casual and generally safe with friends and online. It's standard online vocabulary; nothing inherently concerning about hearing it.

Why is this section here?

Slang is read by different audiences for very different reasons. The For parents view re-explains the term in plain, non-judgemental language so a caregiver can understand what their child means without needing the surrounding subculture. The For English learners view focuses on register (when it's safe to use), formal alternatives, and common mistakes — what a textbook won't teach you.

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